Technology fundamentals
Learn the normal system before its security failures.
16 lessons · Approximately 98 minutes · Learn at your pace
Before you start: No prior lessons required.
- From Your Browser to a WebsiteMeet clients, servers and networks before learning how they are secured.7 minLesson
- How DNS WorksFollow a domain name through a resolver, the DNS hierarchy and a cached answer.6 minLesson
- HTTP and HTTPS ExplainedWatch a browser send a request and receive a response, then place that exchange inside a protected channel.6 minLesson
- How TLS WorksSee how a client checks server identity and establishes keys for an encrypted connection.6 minLesson
- Databases, Records and SQL Before InjectionUnderstand tables, queries and transactions before studying database attacks.7 minLesson
- HTTP Status CodesRead the server’s response as a useful signal, without mistaking a status code for the whole story.6 minLesson
- How APIs WorkFollow a client request through a service contract to data and back to a response.6 minLesson
- Cookies and SessionsSee how an HTTP cookie can connect separate requests to server-side session state.6 minLesson
- API Gateway ExplainedInspect the gateway’s routing and shared controls, then see which decisions still belong to the application.6 minLesson
- How Caching WorksCompare a cache hit with a miss, and see why freshness and cache keys are security decisions too.6 minLesson
- How Message Queues WorkFollow a job from producer to consumer, then explore acknowledgement, retry and duplicate processing.6 minLesson
- Is My Saved Page Still Current?Follow a browser checking a saved response before downloading it again.6 minLesson
- A Transfer Should Finish TogetherUse a fictional points transfer to understand committing and rolling back related changes.6 minLesson
- Encryption: A Locked Letter and Its KeyUnderstand how readable data becomes protected data and why the key matters.6 minLesson
- Hashes: A Fingerprint for DataLearn how a digest helps compare files and why a checksum needs a trusted reference.6 minLesson
- Digital Signatures: Who Signed These Bytes?Distinguish verifying a signature from hiding information or proving it is harmless.6 minLesson
Bring it together
Explain one idea from this path in your own words. Revisit any lesson that still feels uncertain; completion is your choice, not a timer.
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